PTE写作WE预测讲解：Independent work

各位正在备考PTE的同学们好！今天羊驼给大家带来了老师讲解的写作WE预测，从三个方面拆解分析这道题目，最重要的就是找到中心词和中心句，用它们组成你的答案，这道题就完成了，一起来跟着老师的脚步学习一下吧。

原文：

Working nine to five for a single employer bears little resemblance to the way a substantial share of the workforce makes a living today. Millions of people assemble various income streams and work independently, rather than in structured payroll jobs. This is hardly a new phenomenon, yet it has never been well measured in official statistics and the resulting data gaps prevent a clear view of a large share of labor-market activity. To better understand the independent workforce and what motivates the people who participate in it, the McKinsey Global Institute surveyed some 8,000 respondents across Europe and the United States. We asked about their income in the past 12 months-encompassing primary work, as well as any other income-generating activities, and about their professional satisfaction and aspirations for work in the future. The resulting report, Independent work: Choice, necessity, and the gig economy, finds that up to 162 million people in Europe and the United States-or 20 to 30 percent of the working-age population-engage in some form of independent work. While demographically diverse, independent workers largely fit into four segments: free agents, who actively choose independent work and derive their primary income from it; casual earners, who use independent work for supplemental income and do so by choice; reluctants, who make their primary living from independent work but would prefer traditional jobs; and the financially strapped, who do supplemental independent work out of necessity.

解析：翻译：

Working nine to five for a single employer bears little resemblance to the way a substantial share of the workforce makes a living today.

为一个雇主朝九晚五的工作与今天相当一部分劳动力的谋生方式几乎没有相似之处。

Millions of people assemble various income streams and work independently, rather than in structured payroll jobs.

数百万人汇集不同的收入来源，独立工作，而不是从事结构性工资工作。

This is hardly a new phenomenon, yet it has never been well measured in official statistics and the resulting data gaps prevent a clear view of a large share of labor-market activity.

这并不是一个新现象，但官方统计数据从未很好地衡量过这一现象，由此产生的数据差距使人们无法清楚地看到很大一部分劳动力市场活动。

To better understand the independent workforce and what motivates the people who participate in it, the McKinsey Global Institute surveyed some 8,000 respondents across Europe and the United States.

为了更好地了解独立劳动力以及参与其中的人的动机，麦肯锡全球研究所(McKinsey Global Institute)调查了欧洲和美国的约8000名受访者。

We asked about their income in the past 12 months-encompassing primary work, as well as any other income-generating activities, and about their professional satisfaction and aspirations for work in the future.

我们询问了他们过去12个月的收入情况，包括主要的工作，以及其他创收活动，以及他们的职业满意度和对未来工作的期望。

The resulting report, Independent work: Choice, necessity, and the gig economy, finds that up to 162 million people in Europe and the United States-or 20 to 30 percent of the working-age population - engage in some form of independent work.

这份名为《独立工作:选择、需要和零工经济》的报告发现，在欧洲和美国，多达1.62亿人——即工作年龄人口的20%到30%——从事某种形式的独立工作。

While demographically diverse, independent workers largely fit into four segments (exhibit): free agents, who actively choose independent work and derive their primary income from it;

尽管在人口统计学上是多元化的，但独立工作者基本上可以分为四个部分(如图所示):自由职业者，他们积极选择独立工作，并从中获得主要收入;

casual earners, who use independent work for supplemental income and do so by choice;

选择独立工作以补充收入的临时工;

reluctants, who make their primary living from independent work but would prefer traditional jobs;

不情愿的人，以独立工作为生，但更喜欢传统的工作;

and the financially strapped, who do supplemental independent work out of necessity.

还有经济拮据的人，出于需要而做一些补充性的独立工作。

第一部分：找中心句

开头说到，给一个雇主朝九晚五的工作，其实跟今天大部分劳动力谋生的方式没有太多的相似之处。那么为什么呢？后面就是我们的中心了。现在有数以百万计的人，聚集在不同的收入来源，独立工，而不是在这个结构化工资单上进行工作。并且补充说，这不是一个新的现象，只是一直没有在官方统计数据中得到很好的衡量。因此，产生了数据上的差值，人们无法清楚地了解劳动力市场活动的很大一部分。

第二部分：文章大意

1、这篇文章的目的就是为了更好地了解independent workforce，也就是那些独立工作的人，麦肯锡全球研究所对欧洲和美国的大约8000位受访者进行了调查。具体调查的过程并不重要。我们来看最终调查报告的结果。独立工作可能有1.62亿人在欧洲跟美国，占整个工作人群的百分之二三十左右。

2、独立人群的人口结构基本上可以分为四类：第一类就是free agents，自由职业者，即积极选择独立工作，从中获得主要的收入；临时收入者，选择独立工作获得一些额外的收入；那种不情不愿的，可能被迫从事独立工作的人，可能比较喜欢传统工作；最后一类就是经济拮据的人，不得不做一些补充性的独立工作。

第三部分：根据中心句和中心词组成句子

根据上述中心词和中心句，我们拼凑成一句5-75词的句子。大意为很多人都是独立工作，并不是一个新现象，但是没有得到很好的官方数据的衡量。由此产生的数据，阻碍了劳动力、市场对他们有清晰的看法。所以进行一项调查，去更好地了解独立劳动力以及人们的动机。最后再解释一下独立工作的四个部分分类。这道题就完成了。